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  #1  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:06 PM
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Default STUDY SUMMARY: Study of Large Launch Vehicles for Manned Lunar Landing

Here's a really interesting if LONG study (762 pages!) from October of 1961 on "large launch vehicles for a manned lunar landing program"... it's an interesting look at the various modes for a "direct" lunar mission (Apollo capsule to the surface of the Moon) type mission as it was envisioned at that time. The primary vehicles were all liquid propellant Nova, Saturn C-4 (later became C-5 when they added a fifth engine, then finally the Saturn V as we knew it), and the Saturn C-3 (using a pair of F-1 engines for the first stage). They also looked at solid first stage equivalent vehicles for the same basic vehicle types. Of course the different vehicles were only capable of doing the mission through different modes-- Nova could do an "Earth surface to lunar surface in a single shot" mode, but payload increased with a stop in parking orbit around Earth. Saturn C-4 (four F-1 engine first stage, 4 J-2 engine second stage) required an "EOR" (Earth Orbit Rendezvous) method with two launches, with the lunar Apollo ascent/command module docking in Earth orbit with an "OLV" (what became the S-IVB stage) and lunar descent stage. The Saturn C-3 required five launches, ferrying up three OLV stages that would have to automatically dock, or dock later with human oversight remotely, topped by a lunar descent stage on the fourth launch, and lastly the manned Apollo return vehicle and lunar ascent stage launched on the last rocket. Then the "OLV" would fire its three escape stage sequentially to get through TLI, to deliver the Apollo and its ascent and descent stages to the vicinity of the Moon.

There's some interesting graphics in the study that portray not only the C-3, C-5, and Nova vehicles, but the OLV's and the solid first stage equivalents of all of them. Some aren't in the best of condition, sadly, but are still VERY interesting and would make cool "alternate" Apollo launch vehicles!

First, the summary...

Second, the Saturn C-3 configuration...

Third, the Saturn C-4 configuration...

Fourth, the Nova C-8 configuration...

Fifth, the solid/liquid C-3 configuration...

Anyway, enjoy... Later! OL JR
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  #2  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:12 PM
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First, the C-4 Solid/liquid launch vehicle...

Second, Nova Solid/liquid launch vehicle...

Third, C-3 First Stage Inboard Profile...

Fourth, C-3 Second Stage Inboard Profile...

Fifth, C-3 Second Stage Typical Structure...

More to come! OL JR
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  #3  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:21 PM
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First, construction cross-section...

Second, thrust structure configuration...

Third, recommend first stage thrust structure...

Fourth, Nova first stage solid motors configuration...

Fifth, recommended second stage thrust structure...

More to come! OL JR
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  #4  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:26 PM
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First, recommended thrust structure for C-3 and C-4 OLV and Nova 2nd and 3rd stage...

Second, proposed insulated tank construction...

Third, tank configurations...

Fourth, first stage plumbing...

Fifth, separate gas generator system...

More to come! OL JR
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  #5  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:29 PM
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First, second stage configurations...

Second, second stage Nova configurations...

Third, third stages...

Fourth, third stages with two engines...

Fifth, optimum system...

More to come! OL JR
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  #6  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:33 PM
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First, optimal systems for integral tanks...

Second, alternate system...

Third, alternate systems for integral tanks...

Fourth, optimum system...

Fifth, optimum system for integral tanks...

More to come! OL JR
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  #7  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:38 PM
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First, alternate oxidizer system for separate or integral tanks...

Second, optimum system, C-3 second stage 6 engines...

Third, C-4 third stage optimum system...

Fourth, C-4 third stage single engine...

Fifth, alternate system for integral tanks...

More to come! OL JR
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  #8  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:42 PM
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First, optimum system for Nova twin engine third stage....

Second, C-3 first stage...

Third, orbital docking system for OLV stages...

Fourth, Saturn C-3 OLV configuration...

Fifth, Saturn C-3 Orbital Launch Configuration Integral Tank Stages...

More to come! OL JR
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  #9  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:46 PM
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First, C-4 Orbital Launch Configuration...

Second, front half of the OLV...

Third, back half of the OLV...

Fourth, front half of the C-3 OLV...

Fifth, back half of the C-3 OLV...

More to come! OL JR
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  #10  
Old 07-12-2015, 10:50 PM
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First, front half of the next OLV...

Second, back half of the OLV...

Third, geometry of matching orbital plane...

Fourth, different vehicle configurations symbolized...

Fifth, continuation of the last slide...

More to come! OL JR
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